The Contributions of California Inventors

This article focuses on the contributions of three pioneers to the development of infrared spectrometers: Moses Fleetwood, Elmer Samuel Imes, and Dox Thrash. Each one contributed to the advancement of technology in a unique way. Read on to learn more about each of them. Listed below are some of the contributions that they made to their fields. And be sure to bookmark this article for future reference!

Dox Thrash

In a recent free event, the Law Office of Fish & Richardson and the California Lawyers for the Arts hosted an interactive discussion on the California Inventors Assistance Program. The program is the largest regional pro bono program under Section 32 of the America Invents Act. The NAI has awarded over 900 patents to California innovators since its inception. More than 6,000 new patents were filed in California last year, including 152 by the University of California system.

Moses Fleetwood

Moses Fleetwood is one of the most notable African American inventors. He was a prominent contributor to the field of medicine, published a black issues newspaper, and ran several businesses. He also battled alcoholism and had several brushes with the law. Ultimately, he was acquitted of a charge of 2nd degree murder. His contributions to medical science have left a lasting legacy.

The first African-American to play in the major leagues, Walker was born on March 26, 1859, in Detroit, Michigan. His parents, Dr. Moses W. Walker and Caroline Fleetwood, were midwives. He was accepted to Oberlin College in 1878 and played on its newly formed varsity baseball team. He then transferred to the University of Michigan, where he stayed until the summer of 1881. He later married Bella Taylor and had three children with her.

After graduating from Oberlin College, Moses Fleetwood Walker went on to become the first black major league baseball player. Although many people think the credit goes to Jackie Robinson, in reality, several other Black men played in the leagues prior to the formation of modern baseball. Walker also earned four patents and became a civil rights activist, author, and entrepreneur. He died in 1924 at age forty-four.

Elmer Samuel Imes

In addition to his inventions in the medical field, Imes was also an applied physicist. While working for the Federal Engineers Development Corporation in New York, he developed and patented four instruments that measured the electrical and magnetic properties of materials. He was subsequently listed in the sixth edition of American Men of Science. A friend and colleague of Imes, William Swann, recalled that Imes’ research laboratory was characterized by a combination of philosophic soundness and practicality.

A native of Memphis, Tennessee, Imes was educated at a grammar school in Oberlin, Ohio, and high school in Norman, Alabama. He earned his Bachelor’s degree from Fisk University in 1903 and went on to teach physics and mathematics in Albany, Georgia and the Emerson Institute in Mobile, Alabama. In 1913, Imes returned to Fisk University as an instructor of science and mathematics. But he wanted to conduct research at the forefront of the field. He enrolled at the University of Michigan, where he earned his PhD in physics.

Imes was a talented physicist and engineer who received awards and recognition for his work. Imes married Nella Larsen in 1919 in New York. Larsen was a talented writer who had been a part of the Harlem Renaissance. She won the Guggenheim Fellowship in 1930, becoming the first African American woman to do so. In later life, Imes and Larsen had two sons.

While working at Fisk University, Imes mentored graduate and undergraduate students. His research focused on x-rays and magnetic procedures. He also spent a summer at the University of Michigan carrying out research in infrared spectroscopy. He continued his research in the field, and returned to the University of Michigan several times for summers to conduct experiments on the infrared rotation spectrum of acetylene.

After completing his doctorate, Imes worked as a graduate fellow at the University of Michigan. He studied under Professor Harrison M. Randall, who had studied in Germany. Imes’ work focused on the infrared region of the spectrum. He and his students began building new infrared spectrometers with better resolving power and more sensitive detectors. His research helped lead to the development of modern infrared spectroscopy.

Elmer Samuel Imes contributed to infrared spectrometers

In his early career, Imes worked as a consultant for several companies in New York City. He was particularly involved with Burrows Magnetic Equipment Company and the Federal Engineers Development Corporation. He also served as a consultant for Autoxygen, Inc., a company that made instruments that detected infrared rays. His work resulted in four patents and little financial compensation.

In addition to his contributions to infrared spectrometer technology, Imes also became active in several professional organizations, including the American Physical Society and the American Society for Testing Materials. However, he refused to attend meetings held in the segregated southern states. He died in New York in 1941. The contributions of Imes to infrared spectrometers are significant and will continue to be studied for decades to come.

Imes was born in Mississippi and moved to the South when he was a teenager. He completed his high school education in Normal, Alabama. He later graduated from the historically black college Fisk University in 1903. After graduating from Fisk University, Imes taught mathematics and physics in Albany, Georgia and at the Emerson Institute. In 1913, Imes returned to Fisk University as an instructor of mathematics and science. He earned a master’s degree in science at the university in 1913.

While he continued to be active in the research community and work on infrared spectrometers, Imes devoted his time to training future scientists. His students learned to study materials using magnetic and x-ray techniques in Imes’s laboratory. Imes also sent some of his students to the University of Michigan to learn about these techniques. It’s not known if he ever intended to work on infrared spectroscopy for a living.

In 1916, Imes was one of the first Americans to develop a femtosecond spectrometer. His doctoral dissertation focused on the near-infrared spectrum of hydrogen halides. This led to several papers, the first of which was published in the Astrophysical Journal. The second paper was co-authored by Randall. The doctoral program took Imes four years.

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